Abkhaz Alphabet | Абхаз алфавит
The Abkhaz alphabet consists of 62 letters using the Cyrillic script, one of the largest Cyrillic alphabets in the world.
А а
A
a
Б б
Be
b
В в
Ve
v
Г г
Ge
g
Гь гь
Ghe
gh
Гә гә
Gwa
gw
Ҕ ҕ
Ghayn
gh
Ҕь ҕь
Ghayn soft
ghh
Ҕә ҕә
Ghayn labialized
ghw
Д д
De
d
Дә дә
Dwa
dw
Ӡ ӡ
Dze
dz
Ӡә ӡә
Dzwa
dzw
Е е
Ye
ye
Ж ж
Zhe
zh
Жь жь
Zhe soft
zhh
Жә жә
Zhwa
zhw
З з
Ze
z
Ӡ ӡ
Dzhe
dzh
И и
I
i
К к
Ka
k
Кь кь
Khe
kh
Кә кә
Kwa
kw
Қ қ
Qaf
q
Қь қь
Qaf soft
qh
Қә қә
Qaf labialized
qw
Ҟ ҟ
Kha
kh
Ҟь ҟь
Kha soft
khh
Ҟә ҟә
Kha labialized
khw
Л л
El
l
М м
Em
m
Н н
En
n
О о
O
o
П п
Pe
p
Ҧ ҧ
Pe with hook
p
Р р
Er
r
С с
Es
s
Т т
Te
t
Тә тә
Twa
tw
Ҭ ҭ
Te with descender
t
Ҭә ҭә
Twa with descender
tw
У у
U
u
Ф ф
Ef
f
Х х
Kha
kh
Хь хь
Kha soft
khh
Хә хә
Khwa
khw
Ҳ ҳ
He
h
Ҳә ҳә
Hwa
hw
Ц ц
Tse
ts
Цә цә
Tswa
tsw
Ҵ ҵ
Tse with descender
ts
Ҵә ҵә
Tswa with descender
tsw
Ч ч
Che
ch
Ҷ ҷ
Che with descender
ch
Ҽ ҽ
Che with vertical stroke
ch
Ҿ ҿ
Che with vertical stroke labialized
chw
Ш ш
Sha
sh
Шь шь
Sha soft
shh
Шә шә
Shwa
shw
Ы ы
Yeru
y
Ҩ ҩ
Abkhazian ha
ha
Download Alphabet Chart
About the Abkhaz Alphabet
The Abkhaz alphabet uses the Cyrillic script with 62 letters, making it one of the largest Cyrillic alphabets in the world. It includes many labialized consonants (marked with ә) and palatalized consonants (marked with ь). Abkhaz is a Northwest Caucasian language with a complex consonant system.
History
The Abkhaz alphabet was first created in the 1860s using Cyrillic. It went through several reforms, switching to Latin in 1928 and then to Georgian script in 1938. In 1954, it returned to Cyrillic with the current 62-letter alphabet designed to represent Abkhaz's complex phonology.
Key Features
- Written from left to right
- 62 Cyrillic letters
- Largest Cyrillic alphabet
- Many labialized consonants
- Complex consonant system
- Adopted in 1954